Fig. 9

Validation of the microarray data using semi-quantitative RT–PCR (qRT–PCR). A few genes that were significantly regulated in HepG2 cells in response to treatment with extracts of the A. occidentale shoots were selected namely PLAUR, PLCXD1, SQSTM1, CYP24A1, DHFR, TYMS and LIPC using real-time RT–PCR. All data were normalized to the reference gene, GAPDH. The expressions of the PLAUR, PLCXD1 and SQSTM1 genes were all up-regulated while those of CYP24A1, DHFR, TYMS and LIPC were down-regulated. The expression patterns obtained through real-time RT–PCR were consistent with the microarray results