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Fig. 4 | Genes & Nutrition

Fig. 4

From: Dietary chalcones with chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential

Fig. 4

Involvement of naturally occurring chalcone derivatives in the NF-κB inflammation pathway. 1a TNFα and/or 1b LPS ligands interact with corresponding receptors, recruiting several signaling proteins to form a primary signaling complex. 2 Transmission of signal resulting in IKK activation. 3 IKK subsequently phosphorylates serines 32 and 36 of the IκB inhibitor, 4 which in turn creates binding sites for ubiquitination and shifts IκB to proteasomal degradation. 5 NF-κB subunits are released from the inhibitor complex and translocated to the nucleus where they bind DNA and activate transcription of several genes. Chalcone derivatives block the NF-κB pathway at different steps: inhibition of IKK activity (chalcones 5, 18, 23), suppression of IκBα phosphorylation (chalcones 2, 6, 22, 24), direct inhibition of p65 binding to DNA (chalcones 18, 20, 21) or reduction in p38 phosphorylation (chalcones 2, 16). Arrows represent induction/activation and blunt-ended lines represent repression/inactivation. Abbreviations: TNFα tumor necrosis factor alpha, LPS lipopolysaccharide, IκB inhibitor of kappa B, IKK IκB kinase, NF-κB nuclear factor kappa B. This figure was generated with ScienceSlides software

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