Why tocotrienols work better: insights into the in vitro anti-cancer mechanism of vitamin E

Genes & Nutrition

Table 2 Effect of T3 molecules on cell viability of different breast cancer cell lines

T3 form	Breast cancer cells	IC50 [μM] (time of treatments)	References
δ-T3	MDA-MB-231^a	22.6^h (48 h)	(Guthrie et al. 1997)
	MCF7^b	5.5^h (48 h)	(Guthrie et al. 1997)
	CL-S1^d	7^h (5 days)	(McIntyre et al. 2000)
	−SA^e	4^h (5 days)
	+SA^f	3^h (5 days)
	MDA-MB-231	10^h (48 h)	(Elangovan et al. 2008)
	MDA-MB-231	20^h (72 h)	(Elangovan et al. 2008)
	SKBr3^g	45.6^h (24 h)	(Pierpaoli et al. 2010)
	SKBr3^g	31.5^h (48 h)	(Pierpaoli et al. 2010)
γ-T3	MDA-MB-231^a	73^h (48 h)	(Guthrie et al. 1997)
	MCF7^b	4.87^h (48 h)	(Guthrie et al. 1997)
	CL-S1^d	8^h (5 days)	(McIntyre et al. 2000)
	−SA^e	5^h (5 days)
	+SA^f	4^h (5 days)
	SKBr3^g	55.2^h (24 h)	(Pierpaoli et al. 2010)
	SKBr3^g	34^h (48 h)	(Pierpaoli et al. 2010)
α-T3	MDA-MB-231^a	>100^h (24 h)	(Guthrie et al. 1997)
α-T3	MCF7^b	14.2^a (48 h)	(Guthrie et al. 1997)
TRF	4T1^c	8 ug/ml^h (72 h)	(Hafid et al. 2009)

TRF standardized tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF)
^a MDA-MB-231 Human epithelial breast cancer cell line, isolated by pleural effusion from mammary gland, low erbB-2 receptor-expressing (HTB-30; American type culture collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA)
^b MCF7 first cell line derived from a pleural effusion of a post menopausal 69 years patient with metastatic breast cancer. This is the most widely used and best characterized of all human breast cancer cell lines
^c 4T1 mouse mammary tumor cell line; this is one of few breast cancer cells capable to metastasize efficiently to sites affected in human breast cancer
^d CL-S1 Preneoplastic non-malignant mouse mammary epithelial cells
^e−SA murine mammary adenocarcinoma (HTB-30; American rype culture collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA)
^f+SA highly malignant murine cells isolated from animals that spontaneously develop breast cancer (HTB-30; American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA)
^g SKBr3 Her-2/neu positive human mammary carcinoma cell (HTB-30; American type culture collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA)
^hInhibition of viability assessed by MTT test or equivalent test

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