Table 5 Overview of human studies that demonstrate an association between intestinal disease and compositional dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota
From: Intestinal microbiota in human health and disease: the impact of probiotics
Study material | Population | Analytical methods | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
Coeliac disease | |||
Faeces | 26 Coeliac patients (no diet, active disease) 23 Children without gluten intolerance | Conventional culturing FISH | Collado et al. (2007) |
Duodenal biopsies | 20 Coeliac patients (no diet, active disease) 10 Coeliac patients (gluten-free diet, symptom-free) 8 Children without gluten intolerance | FISH/flow cytometry | Nadal et al. (2007) |
Faeces | 10 Coeliac patients (no diet, active disease) 10 Children without gluten intolerance | DGGE | Sanz et al. (2007) |
Duodenal biopsies faeces | 30 Coeliac patients (no diet) 18 Coeliac patients (gluten-free diet) 30 Children without gluten intolerance | qPCR | Collado et al. (2008a) |
Faeces | 24 Coeliac patients (no diet, active disease) 18 Coeliac patients (gluten-free diet, symptom-free) 20 Children without gluten intolerance | FISH/flow cytometry | De Palma et al. (2010) |
Duodenal biopsies | 20 Coeliac patients (active disease/symptom-free) 10 Children without gluten intolerance | TGGE | Schippa et al. (2010) |
Colorectal cancer | |||
Faeces | 18 Patients with polyps 32 Individuals with high -risk for colon cancer 38 Individuals with low-risk for colon cancer | Conventional culturing | Moore and Moore (1995) |
Faeces | 13 Patients at high risk for sigmoid colon cancer 14 Healthy individuals | Conventional culturing | Kanazawa et al. (1996) |
Faeces (3 time points) | 20 Colon cancer patients 20 Polypectomized patients 20 Healthy individuals | DGGE | Scanlan et al. (2008) |
Colorectal biopsies | 21 Individuals with adenomas 23 Individuals without adenomas | T-RFLP Clone library sequencing (16S) FISH | Shen et al. (2010) |
Pouchitis | |||
Pouch biopsies Ileostomy effluent Faeces | 12 Patients with pouchitis 14 Patients with indeterminable pouchitis 23 Patients without pouchitis 20 Ileostomy patients 9 Healthy individuals | Conventional culturing | Onderdonk et al. (1992) |
Pouch effluent | 5 Patients with pouchitis 9 Patients without pouchitis | Conventional culturing | Ruseler-van Embden et al. (1994) |
Pouch effluent | UC patients:  8 Patients with healthy pouches  9 Patients, no active pouchitis for at least 1 year  9 Patients, no active pouchitis for at least 6 weeks  11 Patients with pouchitis, on antibiotic treatment  8 Patients with pouchitis FAP patients:  5 Patients with healthy pouches | Conventional culturing | Ohge et al. (2005) |
Pouch effluent | 9 Patients with pouchitis (UC) 13 Patients with healthy pouches (UC) | Conventional culturing | Iwaya et al. (2006) |
Ileum biopsies Pouch biopsies Pouch effluent | 5 Patients with pouchitis (UC) 15 Patients with healthy pouches (UC) 13 Healthy individuals | LH-PCR Clone library sequencing (16S) | Komanduri et al. (2007) |
Pouch effluent | 5 Patients with pouchitis (UC) 15 Patients with healthy pouches (UC) | T-RFLP Clone library sequencing (16S) | Lim et al. (2009) |
Pouch contents Pouch biopsies | 9 Patients with pouchitis (UC) 3 Patients with healthy pouches (UC) 7 Patients with healthy pouches (FAP) | T-RFLP Clone library sequencing (16S) | Zella et al. (2011) |
Necrotizing enterocolitis | |||
Faeces | 10 Preterm infants with NEC 10 Preterm infants without NEC | T-RFLP Clone library sequencing (16S) | Wang et al. (2009) |
Faeces (several time points) | 6 Preterm infants with NEC or suspected sepsis 6 Preterm control infants | DGGE 454 FLX titanium sequencing (16S) | Mshvildadze et al. (2010) |