From: Potential anti-inflammatory, anti-adhesive, anti/estrogenic, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of anthocyanins and their gut metabolites
Protocatechuic (μM)
Inhibition of NO production (%)
LPS 1 μg/mL
LPS 1 μg/mL + IFN-γ 1,000 U/mL
25
16.2 ± 3.3*
4.3 ± 1.3*
50
21.3 ± 3.4*
6.1 ± 0.3*
100
27.4 ± 5.7*
12.7 ± 3.3*