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Table 5 Overview of modulated processes for OPGLTT and OLTT challenge tests differing in macronutrient composition and fatty acid type

From: Phenotypic flexibility as a measure of health: the optimal nutritional stress response test

Organ system

Process

60 E% FAT

70 E% CAR

SFA

MFA

PUFA

Gut

Incretin production

   

 

Adipose tissue

Lipolysis

  

b

b

Lipokine and adipokine production

   

Systemic stress response

Systemic insulin sensitivity

a

 

 

Chronic low-grade inflammation

a

  

Metabolic flexibility

  

↑↑

↑↑↑

Liver

Lipoprotein production

a

a,b

b

Vasculature

Vascular flexibility

  

↓↓b

↓↓b

Adhesion

  

Oxylipin response

  

↑↑

  1. aDifferential response between healthy and sub-optimal healthy subjects
  2. bInconsistency in literature