Fig. 3

Natural compounds from coffee targeting the hallmarks of cancer, based on Hanahan and Weinberg (2011), with modifications. This figure adapted from (Hanahan and Weinberg 2011) summarizes the anticancer effects of all molecules presented in this review. A non-exhaustive recent bibliography includes (Ambothi and Nagarajan 2014; Baeza et al. 2014; Bravo et al. 2013; Burgos-Moron et al. 2012; Capek et al. 2014; Caporaso et al. 2014; Chen et al. 2014a; Haque et al. 2013; Passos et al. 2014; Rodrigues et al. 2013; Vicente et al. 2014). Caf caffeine, Col cafestol, Cid caffeic acid, Cga chlorogenic acids, Cou p-coumaric acid, Fer ferulic acid, Hhq hydroxyhydroquinone, Hyd 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, Kah kahweol, Mel melanoidins, Num N-methylpyridinium, Phe phenolic compounds, Pol polysaccharides