Fig. 2

Strategies used to improve human health by gut microbiota modulation. Multi-omic approaches are employed to increase the understanding of how the microbiota may affect human metabolism. Such approaches will be crucial in order to dissect differences in the microbiota composition between healthy people and those who are affected by metabolic disorders. In a second step, different experimental in vitro and in vivo models are used to identify the underlying mechanisms responsible for the modulation the gut microbiota, which will be important to create the basis for human intervention trials and subsequent treatments