Fig. 1

Overview of the nutrigenomics approach in the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. An organism ingests complex foods which are degraded into nutrients that interact with the microbiome. This in consequence affects the genome, involving the transcriptome, the epigenome, the proteome, and the metabolome, resulting in the organism’s phenotype. The fruit fly can be used as a model organism in nutrigenomics, as changes in the microbiome, transcriptome, epigenome, proteome, and metabolome due to an interaction with the nutritional environment are detectable and evaluable by several methods (pictograms used are from vecteezy.com )