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Table 1 Comparison general characteristics, clinical, and laboratory parameters of participants according to MC4R rs17782313 genotypes

From: Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) rs17782313 polymorphism interacts with Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean Dietary Score (MDS) to affect hypothalamic hormones and cardio-metabolic risk factors among obese individuals

  Women Men
  TT TC CC P*   TT TC CC P*
Age (year) 38.46 (8.95) 39.07 (8.32) 36.31 (8.54) 0.628 39.21 (6.75) 37.26 (6.07) 40.44 (3.64) 0.527
WC 103.06 (10.43) 105.33 (9.31) 101.14 (7.14) 0.439 113.54 (5.89) 113.57 (7.45) 112.56 (5.20) 0.651
BMI (kg/m2) 35.02 (4.25) 35.27 (3.41) 34.99 (3.80) 0.990 33.90 (2.45) 33.55 (2.85) 33.64 (2.53) 0.622
Physical activity level (%)     0.129     0.778
 Low 33.3 42.9 23.8   51.7 34.5 13.8  
 Moderate 26.7 46.6 26.7   44.4 44.4 11.2  
 High 66.7 20.0 13.3   54.6 22.7 22.7  
Marital status (%)     0.883     0.827
 Married 36.7 36.7 22.6   49.1 35.6 15.3  
 Single 40.0 40.0 20.0   60.0 20.0 20.0  
SES (%)         
 Low 0 50.0 50.0 0.024 0 0 0 0.904
 Middle 37.0 38.9 24.1   59.1 18.2 22.7  
 High 57.2 35.7 7.1   46.8 40.4 12.8  
Depressing (%)     0.503     0.439
 Normal 45.8 37.5 16.7   48.7 30.8 20.5  
 Mild 18.2 54.5 27.3   45.5 54.5 0.0  
 Moderate 33.3 23.8 42.9   53.8 30.8 15.4  
 Severe 42.8 28.6 28.6   66.7 0.0 33.3  
 Extremely severe 22.2 66.7 11.1   66.7 33.3 0.0  
Anxiety (%)     0.550     0.909
 Normal 40.0 45.0 15.0   48.4 35.5 16.1  
 Mild 50.0 37.5 12.5   40.0 40.0 20.0  
 Moderate 33.3 38.9 27.8   61.1 33.3 5.6  
 Severe 37.5 25.0 37.5   50.0 25.0 25.0  
 Extremely severe 38.9 38.9 22.2   42.8 28.6 28.6  
Stress (%)     0.275     0.602
 Normal 34.8 43.5 21.7   50.0 35.3 14.7  
 Mild 30.8 30.8 38.4   41.7 33.3 25.0  
 Moderate 42.9 38.1 19.0   50.0 35.7 14.3  
 Severe 38.5 46.1 15.4   80.0 0.0 20.0  
 Extremely severe 100.0 0.0 0.0   50.0 50.0 0.0  
Appetite 32.39 (9.49) 31.89 (6.80) 33.75 (7.62) 0.783 34.21 (10.75) 34.70 (10.00) 35.78 (7.93) 0.880
LDL-C (mg/dl) 126.9 (29.6) 118.56 (31.06) 108.91 (28.09) 0.161 121.48 (25.94) 118.30 (30.01) 117.58 (22.48) 0.471
HDL (mg/dl) 48.46 (10.27) 46.37 (10.19) 49.44 (6.46) 0.549 40.91 (6.79) 43.35 (9.22) 45.00 (10.46) 0.388
Cholesterol (mg/dl) 197.71 (33.88) 185.74 (35.45) 177.75 (28.62) 0.146 188.88 (28.64) 187.78 (31.20) 193.56 (28.58) 0.918
TG (mg/dl) 98.5 (77.75, 141.00) 93.00 (76.00, 125.00) 98.50 (73.25, 109.75) 0.638 120.00 (78.00, 168.50) 121.00 (90.00, 164.00) 123.00 (93.00, 176.50) 0.869
AIP − 0.02 (0.24) − 0.03 (0.23) − .09 (0.17) 0.631 0.11 (0.26) 0.09 (0.25) 0.12 (0.29) 0.907
Glucose (mg/dl) 92.00 (85.25, 95.00) 91.00 (81.00, 101.00) 90.00 (85.25, 94.00) 0.834 93.00 (87.00, 101.50) 90.00 (83.00, 97.00) 101.00 (89.00, 159.50) 0.040
Insulin, U/ml 13.55 (9.28, 24.10) 19.60 (9.70, 27.30) 13.75 (9.00, 16.23) 0.306 11.40 (8.35, 17.70) 10.90 (8.40, 19.50) 11.00 (9.75, 25.80) 0.507
HOMA-IR 3.17 (2.00, 5.56) 4.82 (2.01, 6.58) 3.15 (2.09, 3.86) 0.409 2.70 (1.76, 4.06) 2.61 (1.87, 5.04) 4.16 (2.75, 6.99) 0.077
QUICKI 0.32 (0.03) 0.32 (0.04) 0.33 (0.03) 0.466 0.33 (0.03) 0.33 (0.03) 0.31 (0.03) 0.126
SBP (mmHg) 111.86 (14.48) 117.26 (16.85) 111.19 (14.40) 0.404 116.67 (11.43) 118.70 (15.83) 116.67 (14.14) 0.816
DBP (mmHg) 76.50 (10.11) 79.15 (14.55) 75.50 (11.68) 0.644 76.51 (10.86) 78.26 (10.93) 75.56 (12.10) 0.584
α-MSH (ng/l) 2.16 (2.12–2.20) 2.26 (2.17–2.36) 2.26 (2.11–2.41) 0.153 2.29 (2.20–2.37) 2.39 (2.25–2.52) 2.18 (2.09–2.27) 0.105
AgRP (pg/ml) 1.33 (1.29–1.37) 1.44 (1.36–1.51) 1.41 (1.29–1.53) 0.082 1.49 (1.42–1.57) 1.57 (1.46–1.68) 1.33 (1.25–1.41) 0.025
  1. Data are presented as mean (SD) or median (25 and 75 percentiles)
  2. BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, SES socio-economic status, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL high-density lipoprotein, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, TG triglyceride, QUICKI quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, AgRP agouti-related protein, α-MSH alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone, AIP atherogenic index of plasma
  3. *Analysis of variance for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables
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Genes & Nutrition

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