Table 1 Baseline anthropometric and biochemical characteristics

Age (years)

40 ± 8.1

33.6 ± 9.6

0.032

Sex (M/W)

6/16

5/10

1.000

Weight (kg)

92.4 ± 13.2

89.0 ± 10.5

0.389

MSM (kg)

29.6 ± 7.1

28.3 ± 6.8

0.580

FFM (kg)

53.3 ± 11.6

50.8 ± 11.2

0.510

BFM (kg)

39.1 ± 8.3

37.9 ± 8.5

0.681

BFP (%)

42.5 ± 7.5

42.9 ± 8.9

0.882

BMI (kg/m²)

33.6 ± 3.2

33.1 ± 2.8

0.604

WC (cm)

102.1 ± 10.1

96.4 ± 9.4

0.081

Abdominal fat (kg)

19.6 ± 3.2

19.4 ± 3.5

0.869

Glucose (mg/dL)

94.5 ± 14.6

91.1 ± 7.9

0.406

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

187.3 ± 34.6

184.6 ± 30.4

0.800

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

167.4 ± 91.2

138.5 ± 81.8

0.313

HDL-c (mg/dL)

38.3 ± 7.8

43.4 ± 8.1

0.060

LDL-c (mg/dL)

115.1 ± 22.7

111.4 ± 27.4

0.642

VLDL-c (mg/dL)

33.5 ± 18.2

27.7 ± 16.4

0.309

Insulin (IU/dL)

23.0 ± 13.5

17.5 ± 8.5

0.152

HOMA-IR

5.5 ± 3.5

3.9 ± 2.11

0.123

Atherogenic index

5.09 ± 1.4

4.3 ± 0.8

0.070