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Table 4 Effects of treatment and/or time on insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index)

From: An 8-week freeze-dried blueberry supplement impacts immune-related pathways: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial

 

Week 0

Week 8

P value

BBP

Placebo

BBP

Placebo

Treatment

Time

Treatment × Time

HOMA-IR1

2.38 ± 1.19

2.25 ± 0.93

2.64 ± 1.44

2.56 ± 1.15

0.80

0.02

0.53

Matsuda index2

4.86 ± 3.17

5.13 ± 2.80

4.28 ± 2.21

3.91 ± 2.19

0.71

0.006

0.08

  1. Values are mean ± SD. Analyses were conducted using the MIXED procedure with SAS version 9.4. HOMA-IR and Matsuda index were non-normally distributed and were therefore log10 transformed. Abbreviations: BBP blueberry powder. Significant P values (unadjusted) are in bold. 1. BBP: n = 24 (week 0), n = 23 (week 8); placebo: n = 23 (week 0), n = 24 (week 8). 2. BBP: n = 18 (week 0), n = 17 (week 8); placebo: n = 17 (weeks 0 and 8)