Variation in the vitamin D receptor gene, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and risk of premenstrual symptoms

Genes & Nutrition

Table 3 Interaction between VDR and vitamin D status on premenstrual symptoms

Premenstrual symptom	*VDR* and vitamin D status interaction p^a
Acne/skin blemish	0.78
Bloating/swelling/breast tenderness	0.19
Cramps	0.39
Mood swings/crying easily/irritability/angry outbursts	0.88
Increased appetite/food cravings	0.027
Fatigue	0.016
Headache	0.25
Anxiety/tension/nervousness	0.44
Clumsiness	0.91
Confusion/difficulty concentrating/forgetfulness	0.82
Sexual desire/activity changes	0.60
Insomnia	0.22
Nausea	0.039
Depression	0.23
Desire to be alone	0.70

^aP values for the interaction between VDR and vitamin D status were adjusted for age, ethnicity, BMI, physical activity, season of blood draw, calcium intake, and use of analgesics

ISSN: 1865-3499