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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population across AMY1 CN groups (n = 1764)

From: Effect of AMY1 copy number variation and various doses of starch intake on glucose homeostasis: data from a cross-sectional observational study and a crossover meal study

 

AMY1 CN groups

 
 

≤ 4 (n = 347)

5–6 (n = 676)

7–9 (n = 460)

≥ 10 (n = 281)

P value1

AMY1 CN

3.65 (0.66)

5.71 (0.46)

7.92 (0.68)

11.01 (1.54)

 

Females, N%

174 (50.1)

359 (53.1)

235 (51.1)

155 (55.2)

0.57

Age, years

38.5 (13.9)

39.5 (13.5)

38.7 (14.1)

37.4 (13.6)

0.17

BMI, kg/m2

25.5 (4.2)

25.4 (4.4)

25.9 (4.9)

25.3 (4.5)

0.25

Prediabetes, N%

25 (7.2)

55 (8.1)

49 (10.7)

27 (9.6)

0.30

Smokers, N%3

43 (14.3)

92 (15.7)

66 (16.5)

52 (21.1)

0.38

Parent born outside Swe/Den, N%

29 (8.4)

47 (7.0)

30 (6.5)

17 (6.0)

0.54

Physical activity level2

1.67 (0.13)

1.67 (0.14)

1.67 (0.14)

1.67 (0.13)

0.97

Total energy intake, kcal/day2

2015 (598)

2072 (919)

2044 (662)

1985 (686)

0.55

Starch intake, E%2

27.1 (5.2)

27.4 (6.0)

27.2 (6.3)

27.9 (5.5)

0.46

Fiber intake, g/1000 kcal2

9.50 (3.09)

9.94 (3.20)

9.61 (3.48)

9.57 (3.27)

0.26

Total bread intake, servings/week4

11.4 (7.8)

11.8 (8.2)

11.7 (8.8)

10.6 (7.2)

0.31

  1. Values are unadjusted means (SD) unless stated otherwise
  2. 1P values were determined using one-way ANOVA for continuous variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables
  3. 2Data from 4-day food record, n = 1223
  4. 3Data available for n = 1531
  5. 4Data from FFQ, n = 1408
  6. AMY1, salivary α-amylase gene; CN, copy number