Fig. 4
Effect of genistein on UVB-irradiated skin cells. (A) Cytokine array measurements were performed on cell culture supernatants harvested from cultures pretreated with genistein (5 μM) for 24 h with or without UVB (50 mJ/cm2) irradiation. Each blot represents the immunoreactive staining of respective antibodies. Staining is absent in the negative control and blank slots. R1, R2, and R3 were used to determine the accuracy of the procedure. NG, negative control group. (B) Cytokine levels were quantified and analyzed using image analysis software. The relative expression levels of cytokines were determined through a comparison of the pixel intensity of the respective blots relative to that of the positive control in the same array. The parametric t test for independent samples was used to determine differences between groups. Values are presented as the mean ± SD of 2 independent measurements. (C) Commercially available ELISA kits for analyzing the levels of CXCL1, IL-1, MIF, IL-8, and PLANH1 were used in accordance with manufacturer instructions to quantify fold changes. Relative cytokine release is expressed as a percentage compared with an untreated control. (D) The relative gene expression levels of cytokines were measured using Q-PCR. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, compared with other groups. #p < 0.05 compared with the UVB group