Fig. 1

Effect of pure neem products on the inhibition of TNF-α-induced κNF-κB activation assessed by a Dual-Glo™ Luciferase assay system. K562 cells were pretreated with pure compounds at concentrations of 10 or 100 μM and incubated for 2 h, followed by TNF-α stimulation for an additional incubation period of 6 h. The results of the luciferase NF-κB reporter gene assay represented the ratio of the measured luminescence of the firefly luciferase vector divided by the measured luminescence of the Renilla plasmid. An untreated cell solution was the negative control; positive control was a cell solution treated with TNF-α only. Results were presented as mean and the standard deviation of 4 individual measurements. Experiments were performed in triplicate