Table 1 Methodological parameters of studies assessing PPs concentrations in animal brain (inclusion criteria were either the usage of exsanguinated and perfused animals or the correction for residual blood by other means)
From: Do polyphenols enter the brain and does it matter? Some theoretical and practical considerations
No. | PPs | Species | Route | Dosage | Duration | Sampling | Anaesthesia | Killing and tissue collection | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Section I: studies in exsanguinated and perfused animals | |||||||||
 1 | Epicatechin | Rat | Oral | 100 mg/kg BW | 1 day | 2 h after PP intake | Phenobarbitone | Plasma: Decapitation Brain: Perfusion | Abd El Mohsen et al. (2002) |
 2 | Pelargonidin | Rat | Oral | 50 mg/kg BW | 1 day | 2 h and 18 h after PP intake | Pentobarbitone | Perfusion | El Mohsen et al. (2006) |
 3 | Grape seed extract | Rat | Oral | 300 mg/kg BW (twice daily) | 3 days | 4 h after last PP intake | Isoflurane | Cervical dislocation and heart puncture followed by perfusion | Prasain et al. (2009) |
 4 | Grape seed extract | Rat | Oral | Dose-escalating design | 10 days | 8 h after last administration | – | Plasma: Collected from jugular vein (catheter) Brain: Perfusion | Ferruzzi et al. (2009) |
Days 1–2: 50 mg/kg BW | |||||||||
Days 3–4: 100 mg/kg BW | |||||||||
Days 5–10: 150 mg/kg BW | |||||||||
 5 | Blackberry extract | Rat | Oral | 15 g/kg diet (with 14.8 mmol anthocyanins/kg diet) | 15 days | 3 h after last meal | Pentobarbital | Blood: All blood drawn from abdominal aorta Brain: removed from bloodless animals | Talavera et al. (2005) |
 6 | Epigallo catechin-3-gallate | Rat | Oral | 500 mg/kg BW | 1 day | 1 h after administration | Ether | Blood: Collected from abdominal artery Brain: Perfusion | Nakagawa and Miyazawa (1997) |
 7 | Quercetin | Rat | Oral | 1% w/w | 1 month | No details given | Pentobarbital | Blood: – Brain: Perfusion | Ishisaka et al. (2011) |
Section II: studies correcting for residual blood | |||||||||
 8 | Quercetin | Rat | Oral | 0.1% in diet | 11 weeks | Morning w/out overnight fasting | Isoflurane | Full bleeding from aorta | de Boer et al. (2005) |
 9 | Quercetin | Pig | Oral | 500 mg/kg BW | 3 days | Fasting for 8 h | No details given | No details given | |