Table 2 Physiology of transgenic mice with ectopic expression of UCP1 in WAT, SM, or liver

Body composition

Body weight

Unchanged on STD, reduced on HFD (Kopecky et al. 1996a; Stefl et al. 1998)

Reduced (Li et al. 2000; Couplan et al. 2002; Klaus et al. 2005)

Reduced on HFD (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Lean body mass

Unchanged (Kopecky et al. 1996a)

Reduced (Li et al. 2000; Couplan et al. 2002; Klaus et al. 2005)

ND

Muscle mass

ND

Reduced (Li et al. 2000; Couplan et al. 2002; Neschen et al. 2008)

ND

Fat mass

Reduced on HFD (Kopecky et al. 1996a)

Reduced (Li et al. 2000; Couplan et al. 2002; Klaus et al. 2005)

Reduced on HFD (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Body length

ND

Reduced (Klaus et al. 2005; Han et al. 2004)

ND

Unchanged (Li et al. 2000; Bernal-Mizrachi et al. 2002)

Blood pressure

ND

Reduced on a genetically obese background (Bernal-Mizrachi et al. 2002; Gates et al. 2007)

ND

Energy metabolism

Energy expenditure

Increased (Stefl et al. 1998)

Increased (Li et al. 2000; Couplan et al. 2002; Klaus et al. 2005)

Increased on HFD (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Energy intake

Cumulative energy intake decreased or unchanged (Kopecky et al. 1996a; Stefl et al. 1998)

Increased (Couplan et al. 2002; Klaus et al. 2005)

Reduced per animal on HFD (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Body temperature

Reduced in homozygous mice (Stefl et al. 1998)

Increased (Gates et al. 2007)

Unchanged (Li et al. 2000)

Unchanged (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Reduced in cold (Klaus et al. 2005)

High-fat diet-induced obesity

Reduced (Kopecky et al. 1996a; Stefl et al. 1998)

Reduced (Li et al. 2000)

Reduced (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Delayed (Katterle et al. 2008)

Genetic obesity

Reduced (Kopecky et al. 1995)

Reduced (Bernal-Mizrachi et al. 2002; Gates et al. 2007)

ND

Glucose and lipid metabolism

Plasma insulin

Reduced on HFD (Kopecky et al. 1996a)

Reduced on HFD (Li et al. 2000; Katterle et al. 2008)

Reduced on HFD (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Plasma glucose

Elevated on STD, reduced on HFD (Kopecky et al. 1996a)

Unchanged (Couplan et al. 2002; Klaus et al. 2005; Katterle et al. 2008)

Reduced (Li et al. 2000; Neschen et al. 2008)

Reduced (fed state) (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Glucose tolerance

Increased on HFD (Kopecky et al. 1996a)

Increased (Li et al. 2000)

Increased on HFD (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Insulin sensitivity

ND (unchanged after 3 week of HFD—unpublished)

Increased on HFD only (Li et al. 2000)

Increased independent of diet (Katterle et al. 2008)

Increased on HFD (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Glucose oxidation

ND

Increased (Neschen et al. 2008)

ND

Plasma cholesterol

Reduced on HFD (Kopecky et al. 1996a)

Reduced (Li et al. 2000; Katterle et al. 2008)

Unchanged (Couplan et al. 2002)

Reduced on HFD (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Plasma TG

Reduced, interaction of HFD and transgene dosage (Kopecky et al. 1996a; Rossmeisl et al. 2005)

Reduced (Li et al. 2000)

Unchanged (Couplan et al. 2002)

Reduced on HFD (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Plasma NEFA

Mostly reduced, effect of transgene dosage (Rossmeisl et al. 2005 and unpublished)

Reduced (Katterle et al. 2008)

Unchanged (Li et al. 2000)

Increased (Han et al. 2004)

Reduced on HFD (Ishigaki et al. 2005)

Longevity

Median lifespan

Marginally increased on HFD (M. Rossmeisl and J. Kopecky, unpublished)

Increased by 10% on chow diet (Gates et al. 2007)

ND

Increased by 33% on HFD (Keipert et al. 2011)

Maximum lifespan

ND

Increased by 10% (Keipert et al. 2011)

ND