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Table 2 Anthropometric characteristics, fasting and postprandial values of subjects homozygote for PPARγ2 Ala12Ala at the end of each intervention period

From: Influence of different CLA isomers on insulin resistance and adipocytokines in pre-diabetic, middle-aged men with PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism

PPARγ2 Ala12Ala homozygous (n = 12)

Preparation

Linoleic acid from safflower oil

Tonalin® (50:50 mix)

Cis-9, trans-11 CLA

Trans-10, cis-12 CLA

p-Value within group

Anthropometry

Weight

81.9 (±3.9)a

82.1 (±3.9)a

82.4 (±3.8)ab

82.9 (±3.9)b

0.027*

BMI (kg/m2)

25.8 (±0.8)a

25.8 (±0.8)a

25.9 (±0.8)ab

26.1 (±0.8)b

0.034*

Waist (cm)

102.0 (±2.8)

102.3 (±2.9)

102.4 (±3.0)

102.3 (±3.0)

0.971

Hip (cm)

103.1 (±2.0)

102.9 (±1.9)

103.5 (±2.0)

102.9 (±1.9)

0.779

Waist/hip ratio

0.99 (±0.01)

0.99 (±0.01)

0.99 (±0.01)

0.99 (±0.02)

0.678

Fasting values

Plasma glucose (mg/dl)

98.4 (±2.4)

98.7 (±1.8)

97.8 (±2.9)

97.2 (±2.1)

0.845

Serum insulin (μU/ml)

12.6 (±1.4)

12.1 (±1.0)

12.8 (±1.0)

12.5 (±1.0)

0.951

HOMA-IR

3.1 (±0.4)

3.0 (±0.3)

3.1 (±0.3)

3.0 (±0.3)

0.981

Triacylglycerols (mg/dl)

136.5 (±17.4)

121.7 (±17.7)

123.5 (±16.2)

123.3 (±12.2)

0.668

Adiponectin (ng/ml)

7,319 (±679)

7,260 (±630)

7,657 (±783)

7,093 (±744)

0.855

Plasma leptin (pg/ml)

5,295 (±868)

5,437 (±1,009)

5,686 (±1,064)

5,210 (±1,089)

0.550

Postprandial values

Glucose AUC (mg/dl)

482.7 (±15.0)

490 (±18.1)

476 (±15.5)

491.2 (±14.2)

0.541

Insulin AUC (μU/ml)

165.2 (±20.4)a

130.7 (±17.3)b

144.4 (±10.5)a,b

176.0 (±19.4)a

0.054

HOMA-IR AUC

200.3 (±26.5)a,b

167.2 (±16.3)a

172.1 (±17.1)a

219.3 (±31.4)b

0.070

Triacylglycerols (mg/dl)

1,595 (±116)

1,461 (±101.2)

1,569 (±125)

1,644 (±118)

0.480

Adiponectin 5 h (ng/ml)

7,486 (±249)a

7,254 (±248)a

7,377 (±249)a

6,613 (±249)b

0.091

Leptin AUC (pg/ml)

40,801 (±7241)

43,816 (±8,090)

43,088 (±8232)

44,390 (±9,294)

0.905

  1. All values are expressed as mean ± SEM
  2. CLA conjugated linoleic acid, BMI body mass index
  3. * Significant differences between intervention periods in overall test (p ≤ 0.05; MANOVA). Duncan′s post hoc test was used to describe where the differences between intervention groups appeared. Means that are significantly different from others are marked as unlike letters. p-Value ≤0.1 was seen as a trend. To demonstrate where differences occurred in analyses, means were marked as unlike letters, too. For details of diets, see research design and methods