Table 2 Unadjusted univariate analysis of the association between LINE-1 methylation levels (tertiles distribution) and the main characteristics of the study population
Characteristics | Tertiles (T) distribution of LINE-1 methylation levels (range) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 (%) | T2 (%) | T3 (%) | p-trenda | |
Median age | ||||
≤28 | 33 (53.2) | 28 (49.1) | 30 (51.7) | 0.903 |
>28 | 29 (46.8) | 29 (50.9) | 28 (48.3) | |
Age quartile distribution | ||||
First quartile (13–23 years) | 14 (22.6) | 14 (24.6) | 15 (25.9) | 0.590 |
Second quartile (24–28 years) | 16 (25.8) | 10 (17.5) | 14 (24.1) | |
Third quartile (29–37 years) | 11 (17.7) | 16 (28.1) | 8 (13.8) | |
Fourth quartile (38–50 years) | 21 (33.9) | 17 (29.8) | 21 (36.2) | |
Body mass index (BMI) | ||||
≥30 | 11 (17.7) | 5 (8.8) | 10 (17.2) | 0.308 |
<30 | 51 (82.3) | 52 (91.2) | 48 (82.8) | |
Nutritional statusb | ||||
Underweight | 4 (6.5) | 3 (5.3) | 5 (8.6) | 0.686 |
Normal weight | 36 (58.1) | 36 (63.2) | 35 (60.3) | |
Overweight | 11 (17.7) | 13 (22.8) | 8 (13.8) | |
Obese | 11 (17.7) | 5 (8.8) | 10 (17.2) | |
Education level | ||||
Low | 27 (43.5) | 24 (42.1) | 26 (44.8) | 0.958 |
High | 35 (56.5) | 33 (57.9) | 32 (55.2) | |
Employment | ||||
Employed | 17 (27.4) | 23 (40.4) | 23 (39.7) | 0.248 |
Unemployed | 45 (72.6) | 34 (59.6) | 35 (60.3) | |
Smoking status | ||||
Current | 14 (23.0) | 9 (15.8) | 18 (31.0) | 0.154 |
Not current | 47 (77.0) | 48 (84.2) | 40 (69.0) | |
Supplement users | ||||
Yes | 4 (6.5) | 3 (5.3) | 5 (8.6) | 0.768 |
No | 58 (93.5) | 54 (94.7) | 53 (91.4) | |
Overall folate deficiencyc | ||||
Yes | 53 (85.5) | 39 (68.4) | 38 (65.6) | 0.027 |
No | 9 (14.5) | 18 (31.6) | 20 (42.6) | |
Mediterranean diet adherence | ||||
Poor adherence | 57 (91.9) | 52 (91.2) | 51 (87.9) | 0.733 |
High adherence | 5 (8.1) | 5 (8.8) | 7 (12.1) | |
Cereal intake (median value 101 gr/day) | ||||
≤Median value | 32 (51.6) | 22 (38.6) | 35 (60.3) | 0.064 |
>Median value | 30 (48.4) | 35 (61.4) | 23 (39.7) | |
Vegetables intake (median value 263 gr/day) | ||||
≤Median value | 32 (51.6) | 29 (50.9) | 28 (48.3) | 0.930 |
>Median value | 30 (48.4) | 28 (49.1) | 30 (51.7) | |
Fruit and nuts intake (median value 201 gr/day) | ||||
≤Median value | 39 (62.9) | 27 (47.4) | 22 (37.9) | 0.022 |
>Median value | 23 (37.1) | 30 (52.6) | 36 (62.1) | |
Meat intake (median value 82 gr/day) | ||||
>Median value | 29 (46.8) | 26 (45.6) | 34 (58.6) | 0.299 |
≤Median value | 33 (53.2) | 31 (54.4) | 24 (41.4) | |
Dairy intake (median value 213 gr/day) | ||||
>Median value | 33 (53.2) | 29 (50.9) | 27 (46.6) | 0.761 |
≤Median value | 29 (46.8) | 28 (49.1) | 31 (53.4) | |
Fish intake (median value 24 gr/day) | ||||
≤Median value | 37 (59.7) | 25 (43.9) | 27 (46.6) | 0.178 |
>Median value | 25 (40.3) | 32 (56.1) | 31 (53.4) | |
Legumes intake (median value 27 gr/day) | ||||
≤Median value | 30 (48.4) | 27 (47.4) | 32 (55.2) | 0.658 |
>Median value | 32 (51.6) | 30 (52.6) | 26 (44.8) | |
Unsaturated/saturated ratio intake (median value 2.4) | ||||
≤Median value | 27 (45.5) | 33 (57.9) | 30 (51.7) | 0.291 |
>Median value | 35 (56.5) | 24 (42.1) | 28 (48.3) | |
Alcohol intake | ||||
Abstainers or >25 gr/day | 54 (87.1) | 53 (93.0) | 46 (79.3) | 0.099 |
Between 5 and 25 gr/day | 8 (12.9) | 4 (7.0) | 12 (20.7) | |