Table 2 Edge list and explanation of the interactions in biological regulatory network in Fig. 3

Represents the process of glucose uptake and its multi-step conversion via various enzymes to Pyruvate [37, 38]

Represents the allosteric inhibition of the PDK enzymes by Pyruvate [25].

Represents the inhibition of PDC by PDKs via site-specific phosphorylation [1, 25].

Represents the involvement of PDC in converting Pyruvate into Acetyl-CoA via decarboxylation [37, 38].

Represents the consumption of Pyruvate to create Acetyl-CoA via PDC mediated decarboxylation [26].

Represents the allosteric activation of PDKs via NADH and ATP produced during the TCA cycle fuelled by Acetyl-CoA [1].

Represents the conversion of Acetyl-CoA to Citrate in the mitochondria, part of which is transported into the cytoplasm [27, 39].

Represents the inhibition of phosphofructokinases (PFKs) by cellular Citrate, thereby inhibiting the production of Pyruvate from Glucose [28, 29].

Represents the conversion of Citrate to Malonyl-CoA through the Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA) mediated carboxylation [1].

Represents the utilisation of Malonyl-CoA for fatty acid synthesis [27, 39].

Represents the reconversion of Citrate to Acetyl-CoA in the cytoplasm to be used for fatty acid synthesis alongside Malonyl-CoA [27, 39].

Represents the breakdown of fatty acids to Acyl-CoA, transport into the mitochondria via the carnitine transport process and conversion to Acetyl-CoA for the TCA cycle [30, 40].

Represents the inhibition of the carnitine transport process by Malonyl-CoA, thereby affecting Acetyl-CoA production [1].

Represents the negative effect of Acetyl-CoA on AMPK activity via higher ATP and lower AMP concentrations [1, 31].

Represents the inhibition of Malonyl-CoA production by the AMPK mediated inhibition of ACACA [1, 31].

Represents the increased activity of PDKs by cellular fatty acids via Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPAR γ) signalling [25, 32–34].

Represents the uptake of circulating fatty acids into the cell [35, 36].

Highly abstracted representation of circulating fatty acid regulation outside the cell.

Highly abstracted representation of circulating glucose regulation outside the cell.