Table 2 MR-PRESSO estimates of the associations between seven serum lipid biomarkers and early age-related macular degeneration
Exposures | MR-PRESSO methods | Causal estimate | p-value | Distortion p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ApoA | Raw | 0.71 | 9.91 × 10−6 | 0.64 |
ApoA | Outlier corrected | 0.65 | 2.33 × 10−4 | 0.64 |
ApoB | Raw |  − 0.65 | 1.00 × 10−4 | 0.45 |
ApoB | Outlier corrected |  − 0.57 | 2.97 × 10−4 | 0.45 |
CHOL | Raw |  − 0.13 | 7.38 × 10−2 | 0.43 |
CHOL | Outlier corrected |  − 0.18 | 2.23 × 10−3 | 0.43 |
HDL-C | Raw | 0.22 | 5.28 × 10−8 | 0.26 |
HDL-C | Outlier corrected | 0.28 | 1.67 × 10−12 | 0.26 |
LDL-C | Raw |  − 0.10 | 2.20 × 10−3 | 0.79 |
LDL-C | Outlier corrected |  − 0.09 | 2.96 × 10−3 | 0.79 |
Lp(a) | Raw | 0.0004 | 1.92 × 10−1 | NA |
Lp(a) | Outlier corrected | NA | NA | NA |
TG | Raw |  − 0.26 | 1.72 × 10−9 | 0.94 |
TG | Outlier corrected |  − 0.26 | 2.24 × 10−10 | 0.94 |